A Cross-Sectional, descriptive study of bone mineral density in Western Maharashtra

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis and osteopenia form the major bulk of health hazard, almost leading to silent epidemic. In the developing world, the aging population suffer from disability, dependence and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis does not have a dramatic clinical presentation except when fracture results.Materials and methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study of 2400 subjects conducted among patients and relatives of patients coming to Gurukrupa Arogyadham, Islampur in the year 2019. BMD evaluation was done by Pronosco Exposure V.2 (DXR Method) using AP X- Ray of non-dominant hand. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software and results expressed in proportions, mean, standard deviation and P values from Anova test. The study obtained ethical clearance from IEC committee of Prakash institute of medical sciences and research at Islampur.Results: Out of 2400 individuals, 928 were having osteopenia. Mean BMD of these individuals was 0.48912gms/sq. cm. Out of these 2400 individuals, 464 were having osteoporosis. Mean BMD was 0.3988gms/sq.cm. As age advances percentage of subjects having normal BMD goes on decreasing and percentage of subjects having osteopenia and osteoporosis goes on increasing. Mean BMD of premenopausal females was more than postmenopausal females.Conclusion: This study gives appropriate picture of status of bone mineral density among population. We can detect vulnerable population suffering Osteopenia or Osteoporosis and it will be easy to treat those people for the same in advance. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment reduce risk of bony fractures as well as economic load on individual person and ultimately on nation.