A Cross-Chain Trusted Reputation Scheme for a Shared Charging Platform Based on Blockchain

Abstract

With the development of electric vehicles, the shortage of charging piles (CPs) has gradually been exposed. In response to this situation, CP operators have taken private CPs into the shared charging system. Due to the lack of maintenance personnel for private CPs that join shared charging, users often face the problems of damaged CPs and poor service attitudes of CP owners. Reputation solutions based on third-party platforms face a problem of single-point failures and reputation solutions based on blockchain face problems of storage and query efficiency. To improve storage and query efficiency, this article proposes a multichain charging model that stores different types of information on different blockchains. However, it faces the problem of unreliable information called across chains, when calculating reputation across chains. Therefore, this article proposes a cross-chain trusted smart contract ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{2}T$ </tex-math></inline-formula> smart contract) to ensure the authenticity, real-time, and interchain write mutual exclusion of cross-chain information, making reputation calculation in the multichain charging model more convenient and more accurate. Especially, we propose a data mutual trust mechanism based on Merkle proof to ensure the authenticity of cross-chain information and prevent forged information from participating in calculating reputation. Furthermore, we present a data structure composed of multiple counting Bloom filters (MCBFs) to verify the real time of information and filter out non-real-time information, thereby ensuring the real time of the calculated reputation. In addition, we put forward an algorithm to guarantee the interchain write mutual exclusion by hash mutexes, making the reputation calculation process more accurate and complete. The security analysis and experimental results demonstrate that <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{2}T$ </tex-math></inline-formula> smart contract is feasible in practice.