Abstract
Acid mine drainage has been reported to cause various environmental and human health problems. Acid mine drainage is formed due to the oxidation of sulfide minerals to water and air. This paper reports the efforts that have been made in the management and treatment of acid mine drainage. Thirty papers from reputable publishers are used as references. Efforts to prevent the formation of acid mine drainage can be made by making proper drainage and dewatering systems, making non-acid formations for rocks that have the potential to be oxidized. Active and passive treatment methods can be used to treat acid mine drainage. The active treatment method uses materials and chemicals to reduce pollutant parameters, while the passive method utilizes natural processes to reduce pollutant parameters in acid mine drainage. The combination of active and passive methods using novel materials that have been researched is recommended to produce the best system that can thoroughly remove pollutants in acid mine drainage.
Highlights
IntroductionAcid mine drainage is formed due to the oxidation of sulfide minerals in contact with water and air (Qureshi et al., 2016)
Acid mine drainage is one of the wastes generated from coal mining activities
The harmful impact caused by the formation of acid mine drainage is due to the low pH and has the high content of heavy metals
Summary
Acid mine drainage is formed due to the oxidation of sulfide minerals in contact with water and air (Qureshi et al., 2016). The formation of acid mine drainage is widely studied worldwide because of the negative impact it has on the environment (Bwapwa et al, 2017; Skousen et al, 2017; Zhang, 2011). Iron disulfide (FeS2), is a rock commonly contaminated by water and air to produce acid mine drainage. The harmful impact caused by the formation of acid mine drainage is due to the low pH (as low as 4) and has the high content of heavy metals. This heavy metal content is the factor that has the most potential to pollute the environment and cause health problems in humans (Järup, 2003)
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