Abstract
The aim of this research was to upgrade the performance of a conventional septic tank (CST) for on-site treatment of sewage with negligible costs. Although CST is known as an inexpensive pre-treatment system, a complementary treatment is required to reuse its output effluent. In this work, the quality of treated wastewater reached to the standard level for irrigation by the innovational changes made in the structure of CST for converting it into an advanced septic reactor (ASR). The modification consists adding some pipe and trays without using any mechanical or electrical equipment.ASR was operated at ambient temperatures in laboratory and pilot-scale. The effects of up-flow velocities (Vup) of 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 1.5m/h and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 36, 24 and 12h on the ASR treatment performance were studied.For optimum Vup of 1m/h and HRT of 24h and biomass specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of 0.31mg COD/gVSSd the maximum removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids (TSS) were 86.2%, 79.4% and 95%, respectively.The results showed that ASR is an appropriate alternative for CST for sewage on-site treatment by a low cost modification.
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