Abstract
Heterogeneous vehicular clustering integrates multiple types of communication networks to work efficiently for various vehicular applications. One popular form of heterogeneous network is the integration of long-term evolution (LTE) and dedicated short-range communication. The heterogeneity of such a network infrastructure and the non-cooperation involved in sharing cost/data are potential problems to solve. A vehicular clustering framework is one solution to these problems, but the framework should be formally verified and validated before being deployed in the real world. To solve these issues, first, we present a heterogeneous framework, named destination and interest-aware clustering, for vehicular clustering that integrates vehicular ad hoc networks with the LTE network for improving road traffic efficiency. Then, we specify a model system of the proposed framework. The model is formally verified to evaluate its performance at the functional level using a model checking technique. To evaluate the performance of the proposed framework at the micro-level, a heterogeneous simulation environment is created by integrating state-of-the-art tools. The comparison of the simulation results with those of other known approaches shows that our proposed framework performs better.
Highlights
The ever-growing number of cars on the road results in road traffic congestion, which in turn leads to long hours driving on the road and increased fuel consumption and environmental pollution
By integrating VANETs with long-term evolution (LTE), we propose a heterogeneous network for vehicular clustering
If no vehicle is in range, there is no ACK, or all vehicles reject the offer to be selected as a cluster heads (CHs), the system goes to a state at which properties of start and error hold, and the rest are false. 4.1.3 Accept/Reject decision model
Summary
The ever-growing number of cars on the road results in road traffic congestion, which in turn leads to long hours driving on the road and increased fuel consumption and environmental pollution. The usage of telecommunication technologies is not free Dealing with such situations and scenarios requires the development of a proper framework. While developing such a framework, the handling of the heterogeneity of the system introduced by the integration of different types of technologies is a challenging task. VANETs rely on the establishment of reliable communication among vehicles for the development of various applications for road traffic management (Alam et al, 2016; Ahmad et al, 2019). Each vehicle on the road accesses the information from the servers individually, resulting in high data consumption and incurred cost. The contributions of our work include the development of the DIAC framework, the system model of the framework and its design level evaluation, micro-level performance comparison, and evaluation with stateof-the-art algorithms
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