Abstract
The access of electric vehicles (EVs) has a profound impact on the operation and scheduling of building energy system. However, due to the fixed schedules of EV charging load, few studies concerned on the coordination strategy between EVs and other potential flexible load in office buildings. In this study, uncertainty sources of EV charging load are extracted from sensitivity analysis based on regression method, and then the uncertainties are introduced into the charging load prediction model based on Monte Carlo method. A optimal scheduling model embedded with the uncertainty of charging load, with the joint operation of building air conditioning system, photovoltaic system and EVs, is proposed for building demand response period. The results show that the operation strategies obtained from the proposed model embrace the advantages of small load variance, high flexibility, low operating cost and large photovoltaic power consumption capacity. The arrival non-guarantee rate is reduced from 12.23% to 6.55% and the charging non-guarantee rate is reduced from 24.03% to 9.39%. On the basis of EV orderly charging and the air conditioning pre-cooling, 7.57–61.67% of the 8:00 startup load can be transferred to night, and the original load variance can be reduced by 3.06–17.81%.© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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