A comprehensive review on the synthesis and applications of Schiff base ligand and metal complexes: A comparative study of conventional heating, microwave heating, and sonochemical methods

Abstract

In this review, we discuss the synthesis of azomethine Schiff Base Ligands (SBL) and their Metal Complexes (MCs) using three different methods: conventional heating, microwave heating, and sonochemical approach along with their vital applications. We provide a comprehensive overview of the advantages and disadvantages of each method, as well as their effects on the properties of the final product. Conventional heating is the most widely used method, but it may require high temperatures and long reaction times. Microwave heating is an alternative method that results in faster heating and shorter reaction times, but it requires careful control of the reaction conditions to avoid overheating and unwanted side reactions. Sonochemistry is a relatively new method that is more efficient than the conventional heating method, but it is quite expensive and requires careful control of the reaction conditions to avoid unwanted side reactions. The broad uses of SBL and MCs in biology, industry, medicines, and synthesis make them incredibly fascinating fields of study. A rise in interest in environmentally friendly practices has also been attributed to the increased emphasis on ecological sustainability. As a result, this review will be a useful resource for anyone looking to learn about various ways to make SBL and MCs as well as understand how these approaches affect the characteristics of the product.