A comprehensive review on emerging trends in smart green building technologies and sustainable materials

Abstract

The use of environmentally friendly materials in construction has become increasingly possible due to advancements in green technology. There are several sustainable materials derived from industrial waste that aid in reducing embodied energy and maximizing the use of renewable resources. Technology is the key to successful projects that advance green building. Various green building technologies with temperature reduction, wastewater systems, energy efficiency, photovoltaic powered cooling system, etc are represented in this paper. In green building, a building information model (BIM) and ontology are used to manage multi-disciplinary activities. SWRL and OWL models based on the Jess rule engine are combined to improve building efficiency. Sustainable materials which are obtained from industrial waste help to reduce the carbon footprint on the environment. The strength, workability, and density of these materials are increased by the usage of various activators. Smart materials operate based on external factors such as sensors, weather conditions, and so on. Smart materials are used in the Electro-Mechanical Impedance (EMI) approach to detect structural flaws in a structure. In smart homes, technology can be used to control energy consumption. Shape Memory Alloys, fiber optics, piezoelectric materials, magnetorheological fluids, and electro-rheological fluids are examples of smart materials used in smart, sustainable urbanization. The Internet of Things (IoT) developed a method for collecting construction data that reduced the structure's cost. The research will recommend appropriate techniques and materials for the Indian scenario to achieve long-term sustainable goals for the country.