Abstract
Because of its potential to directly transform solar energy into heat and energy, without harmful environmental effects such as greenhouse gas emissions. Hybrid nanofluid is an efficient way to improve the thermal efficiency of solar systems using a possible heat transfer fluid with superior thermo-physical properties. The object of this paper is the study the latest developments in hybrid applications in the fields of solar energy systems in different solar collectors. Hybrid nanofluids are potential fluids with better thermo-physical properties and heat transfer efficiency than conventional heat transfer fluids (oil, water, ethylene glycol) with single nanoparticle nanofluids. The research found that a single nanofluid can be replaced by a hybrid nanofluid because it enhances heat transfer. This work presented the recent developments in hybrid nanofluid preparation methods, stability factors, thermal improvement methods, current applications, and some mathematical regression analysis which is directly related to the efficiency enhancement of solar collector. This literature revealed that hybrid nanofluids have a great opportunity to enhance the efficiency of solar collector due to their noble thermophysical properties in replace of conventional heat transfer working fluids. Finally, some important problems are addressed, which must be solved for future study.
Highlights
A comprehensive study has been performed on the performance of solar collectors with hybrid nanofluids
The literature reviewed that hybrid nanofluids had been applied in different engineering fields to enhance their performance in terms of the circular tube, heat channel, electronic-heat sink and thermal solar collector
Hybrid nanofluids were implemented in various kinds of solar collectors such as a flat-plate collector, compound parabolic collector, evacuated tube solar collector, parabolic trough collector, linear Fresnel collector, parabolic-dish reflector, and heliostat field collector to evaluate the performance in replace of conventional fluids
Summary
A safe and prosperous world needs more than ever an environmentally friendly and effective source of energy [1,2,3]. In the face of the challenges of eliminating fossil fuels and reducing exhaust emissions from those fuels, one of the major divisions of renewable energy is solar energy. The option of energy sources has always been low-priced, solar energy has never really been used globally. While the energy of the sun is free, it is expected that the maintenance charge of such systems, including the construction of devices and systems, would surpass the total cost of the usable source [4,5,6]
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