Abstract
Flow rates of fuel are a major control variable in the engines of airborne vehicles. Accuracy in flow rate measurements became a mandatory requirement for the testing and reliable operation of those engines. Flow rate measurement is also essential in food industries, automotive industries, and chemical industries. Flow rate measurement using ultrasonic transducers is an appropriate choice because of its unique properties when they are in contact with the gases and water medium, as well as larger diameter pipelines. Estimating the echo signal of the ultrasonic flowmeter is a challenging task; however, the processing tasks for real-time performance are mandatory for improving accuracy in flow rate measurements. This article reviews the improvement in the accuracy of flow rate measurements of liquids and gases incorporating the modern technological trends with the support of field programmable gate arrays, digital signal processors, other advanced processors, and deep learning approaches. The review also elaborates on the reduction of uncertainty in single path and multi-path ultrasonic flowmeters. Finally, future research prospects are put forward for developing low cost, reliable, and accurate ultrasonic flowmeters for extensive categories of industrial applications.
Highlights
A flowmeter measures the amount of liquid, gas, or vapor moving through a pipe or conduit
The usage of a digital signal processor (DSP) for the design and implementation of flowmeters increases the accuracy in the propagation time, which is obtained as the difference in measuring ultrasonic signals
Deep learning neural network models such as the convolution neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM) and autoencoders are used for estimating the features from the collected data, to correlate with the flow of liquids and gases in the medium
Summary
A flowmeter measures the amount of liquid, gas, or vapor moving through a pipe or conduit. Scitation.org/journal/adv configured as transit-time flowmeter time measurement circuits.. Scitation.org/journal/adv configured as transit-time flowmeter time measurement circuits.4 They are used to collect the signal and process the acquired data at high speed.. The usage of a digital signal processor (DSP) for the design and implementation of flowmeters increases the accuracy in the propagation time, which is obtained as the difference in measuring ultrasonic signals.. The echo signal is sent into the DSP chip to be processed for obtaining the gas flow rate.. Few researchers have utilized the power of deep learning architectures for flow rate measurements.. With the volume of data available and being trained, those deep learning architectures are configured to classify and estimate the flow rates of liquids and gases with high accuracy. Few researchers have utilized the power of deep learning architectures for flow rate measurements. With the volume of data available and being trained, those deep learning architectures are configured to classify and estimate the flow rates of liquids and gases with high accuracy.
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