Abstract
Research carried out over the last few decades has shown that nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion require higher performance and greater stability. The nanomaterials synthesized by diverse techniques, such as sol-gel, hydrothermal, microwave, and co-precipitation methods, have brought energy storage and conversion systems to the center stage of practical application but they still cannot meet the capacity and mass production demands. Most reviews in the literature discuss in detail the issues related to nanomaterials with a range of structures synthesized using the above methods to enhance the performance. On the other hand, there have been few critical examinations of use of the electrophoresis process for the synthesis of nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion. The nanomaterials synthesized by electrophoresis processes related to colloidal interface science in the literature are compared according to the conditions to identify promising materials that are being or could be developed to satisfy the capacity and mass production demands. Therefore, a literature survey is of the use of electrophoresis deposition processes to synthesize nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion and the correlations of the electrophoresis conditions and properties of the resulting nanomaterials from a practical point of view.
Highlights
The results suggest that in the MWCNTs/graphene nanosheet composite electrode, the MWCNTs v/v) anode showed an initial specific capacity of 2200 mAh·g−1, which decreased to 458 mAh·g−1 after 10 cycles (Figure 10b)
The results suggest that in the MWCNTs/graphene nanosheet composite electrode, the MWCNTs could serve as a spacer between the graphene nanosheet, providing a much higher porosity and
Carbon-based materials ranging from activated carbon to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most widely considered electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) electrode materials because of their high surface area and somewhat controllable pore size, depending on the method of activation
Summary
Studies for the design of advanced electrodes to be used as the electrodes in electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices have increased significantly because of the excellent processing technique for high performance. EPD has produced promising results for electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices. Such articles at this stage are believed to stimulate further research in this area. This manuscript provides a brief review of the mechanisms proposed to explain the principle of EPD as well as the more recent attempts to design electrodes for electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices. The design approach will provide a new way of producing electrodes for high performance lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors, and electrocatalysts for fuel cells
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