A comprehensive review and classification of inter-module connections for hot-rolled steel modular building systems

Abstract

In the recent history the development of inter-module connection (IMC) systems for steel modular building systems (MBSs) has gained traction with many researchers and engineers being in pursuit of universally performant connection systems. Even though many of the newly proposed connections are presented as potential disruptors for the market, it rarely is the case as it is a difficult, if not impossible task, to deliver a “fit-for-all” design given the complex and multi-dimensional character of this topic. While recently, there have been numerous review studies concerned with IMCs for hot-rolled steel MBSs, most of them focused only on a limited number of existing connections, while also failing to preserve a consistency in nomenclature and classification methods. Considering the large and growing volume of published studies which investigate IMCs for hot-rolled steel MBSs, there is a pressing need to classify all systems under a unified naming convention based on a systematic classification and thus harmonise the literature and promote a well-structured development of future designs.The present study gathered sixty IMCs from the literature and proposed a nomenclature using a rigorous and consistent classification based on the method of joining. Complementary tables with all relevant studies published on each connection system are constructed, providing a comprehensive review of the existing literature at the time and helping to guide the development of future studies in an effort to promote a unified approach. In order to identify “must-have” features and key areas of improvement for future IMC designs based on the advantages and limitations of existing connections, a multi-attribute ranking system is developed and employed. The adoption of the proposed ranking system has the potential to facilitate the improvement of future designs, as well as to enhance existing connections in low-scoring areas, serving as a useful decision-making tool for both researchers and practitioners concerned with this topic.