Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a life-threatening pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in massive destruction and is still continuously adding to its death toll. The advent of this global outbreak has not yet been confirmed; however, investigation for suitable prophylaxis against this lethal virus is being carried out by experts all around the globe. The SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the Coronaviridae superfamily, like the other previously occurring human coronavirus variants. To better understand a new virus variant, such as the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant, it is vital to investigate previous virus strains, including their genomic composition and functionality. Our study aimed at addressing the basic overview of the virus’ profile that may provide the scientific community with evidence-based insights into COVID-19. Therefore, this study accomplished a comprehensive literature review that includes the virus’ origin, classification, structure, life cycle, genome, mutation, epidemiology, and subsequent essential factors associated with host–virus interaction. Moreover, we summarized the considerable diagnostic measures, treatment options, including multiple therapeutic approaches, and prevention, as well as future directions that may reduce the impact and misery caused by this devastating pandemic. The observations and data provided here have been screened and accumulated through extensive literature study, hence this study will help the scientific community properly understand this new virus and provide further leads for therapeutic interventions.
Highlights
In late December 2019, the novel coronavirus strain, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), was first traced at the Wuhan metropolis of China’s Hubei province [1].Though the virus was limited in China during the very early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, the current scenario is quite devastating throughout the globe
As of 22 January 2020, an analysis conducted on 17 death cases of COVID-19 by Wang et al found that the median days from the onset of early symptoms until death were 14.0 days, and consistently appeared to be shorter for older individuals [138]
A study indicates that people having blood group A is related to greater danger of disease by COVID-19 contrasted with non-A blood groups, while blood group O was connected with a lower risk of contamination than non-O blood groups [197]
Summary
Q. Fuad Hasan 2,† , Md. Oliullah Rafi 1, * , Md. Jamal Hossain 3 , H. Elsapagh 5 , Raffaele Capasso 6, * and Talha Bin Emran 7, *. M.O.; Hossain, M.J.; El-Mageed, H.R.A.; Elsapagh, R.M.; Capasso, R.; Emran, T.B. A Comprehensive. COVID-19 Pandemic: Features, Origin, Genomics, Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention. Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
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