Abstract
The use of pathogen-free planting stock for new vineyard establishment is a key component in the maintenance and expansion of vine and quality table grape production. The success of the necessary changes in the structure of the grape industry is forced by the globalization process, the climate change, the rediscovery of autochton varieties as well as breeding of new tolerant and resistant varieties. The renewal of vineyards largely depend on the availability of planting stocks. Serbia and Hungary found a common interest in establishing pathogen-free stock materials from newly breed resistant varieties and clonal selections of varieties which are traditional in the Serbian-Hungarian border area. During a cross-border cooperation program a complex system for the production of pathogen-free grapevine propagating material was established. Using heat therapy, in vitro shoot tip culture and traditional and molecular diagnostic techniques new pathogen-free stock materials were established from 26 varieties. They have been or will be tested for the presence of most important grapevine viruses, phytoplasmas, as well as bacterial and fungal pathogens. The complex system applying green grafting for indexing on grapevine indicators can shorten the duration of the procedure from 4 years to two-three years.
Highlights
During the recent decades in Central Europe, especially in Hungary the grapevine producing area as well as the area of certified vineyards was shrunken dramatically
In some countries there is a shortfall in desirable planting stock
The domestic nursery industry have to respond to demands for scarce varietal and clonal selections, or new rootstocks, with techniques that allow the rapid expansion of propagating stock and a solid pathogen-free quality
Summary
During the recent decades in Central Europe, especially in Hungary the grapevine producing area as well as the area of certified vineyards was shrunken dramatically. In some countries there is a shortfall in desirable planting stock It is especially true in Hungary where regulation for the production of pathogenfree grapevine materials (Lehoczky et al, 1992, Lázár 1996; Neszmélyi et al, 1996) is stricter than the EU regulation (Martelli 1992; Martelli & Boudon-Padieu 2006; OEEP/EPPO 2008) while the system of pathogen elimination and the certification process is a very slow process (Lázár 1996, Lázár et al 2002). The domestic nursery industry have to respond to demands for scarce varietal and clonal selections, or new rootstocks, with techniques that allow the rapid expansion of propagating stock and a solid pathogen-free quality. In addition to the demand for varietal grape materials from nurseries, the issue of clonal selection especially from autochthon varieties has become increasingly important. There is great interest in techniques that speed up the process by which pathogen-free materials can be produced
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