Abstract

The paper describes the characteristics of the equatorial electrojet at Huancayo (HUA, 12.1oS, 75.3oW, inclination 1.5oN, declination 1.0oE) in western side of South America, where the geomagnetic field is aligned almost along the geographic meridian, and at Itinga (ITI, 4.3oS, 47.oW, inclination 1.4oN, declination 19.3oW) in eastern part of South America, where the geomagnetic field is aligned about 19o west of the geographic meridian; although the mean intensity of the magnetic field in the two regions are almost of the same order. Further comparisons are made of the current at Itinga and at Tatuoca (TTB, 1.2oS, 48.5oW, inclination 7.8o N, declination 18.7oW), a low latitude station in the same longitude sector. The daily range of horizontal component of the geomagnetic field, H, is shown to be almost 16% higher at HUA compared to that at ITI. The daily variation of the eastward field, Y, showed a strong minimum of -40 nT around 13-14 hr LT at ITI whereas very low values were observed at HUA with a positive peak of about 4 nT around 11- 12 hr LT. The vertical field, Z, showed abnormally large negative values of -70 nT at TTB around 13 hr LT. The day-today fluctuations of midday and midnight values of X field were positively correlated between HUA and ITI with a high correlation coefficient of 0.78 and 0.88 respectively. Values of Y field were also significantly positively correlated between HUA and ITI for midnight hours (0.72), while no correlation was observed for the midday hours. The midnight values of X field at HUA, ITI and TTB showed significant (0.90 or greater) correlation with Dst index. Correlation values of about 0.7 were observed between Dst and midday values of X at ITI and TTB and to a lesser degree (0.4) at HUA.

Highlights

  • The most important discovery which has revolutionized the basic idea of low latitude ionospheric current system had been the result of the ground magnetic survey by Giecke at fourteen stations in Peru during the period September to November 1949

  • In this paper we present the features of the equatorial and low latitude current system in the eastern and western regions of South America based on comparison of the data from Huancayo, HUA (12.1oS, 75.3oW, inclination 1.5oN, declination 1.0oE) with from Itinga, ITI (4.3oS, 47.0oW, inclination 1.4oN, declination 19.3oW)

  • Characteristics of the equatorial electrojet at Huancayo (HUA) in western side of South America where the geomagnetic field is aligned almost along the geographic meridian and at Itinga (ITI) in eastern part of South America where the geomagnetic field is aligned about 19o west of the geographic meridian are studied

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Summary

Introduction

The most important discovery which has revolutionized the basic idea of low latitude ionospheric current system had been the result of the ground magnetic survey by Giecke (only quoted by Chapman [1]) at fourteen stations in Peru during the period September to November 1949. (4b) are shown the mass plot of the deviations in Y field at HUA versus the same at ITI for the midnight and midday hours. (5b) are shown the daily variations of the correlation coefficient between HUA(Y) versus ITI (Y).

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