A comparison between two different biomaterials for treatment of tracheal defect in dogs

Osama Al-Hyani,Abd Al-Haleem Al-Hasan

doi:10.33899/ijvs.2019.162883

Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate the healing process of tracheal cartilage defect after implantation of two different biomaterials in dogs. Eighteen adult dogs from both sexes were used. They were divided into 2 equal groups. A window shape defect of about 3cm x 2cm was induced in the cervical part of three adjacent tracheal rings with their annular ligaments. In group one, the defect was closed with a small strip of ear cartilage (auto graft) from the same animal, while in the second group, calf's pericardium scaffold (xeno graft) was used to close the defect. All the animals were clinically monitored postoperatively, while gross pathological changes and biopsy collections for all animals was performed at 15, 30, 60 postoperative days. No postoperative clinical complications were recorded and all were looking healthy and resuming food and water intake normally. The gross pathological results revealed rapid occlusion to the trachea especially in first group and animals survived without any respiratory complications. The histological features in both groups were represented by newly granulation tissue formation and hyaline cartilage regeneration. The new hyaline cartilage cells formation was showed faster in group 1 rather than group 2. In conclusion, both grafts can be used for closing a tracheal defect in dogs with the priority of ear cartilage implantation.

Highlights

Trachea is a flexible, non-collapsed, tubular organ extended from the larynx to its bifurcations
The gross inspection after 60 days showed a perfect fusion between the implanted cartilage and the outer surface of the trachea which indicates a complete sealing of the induced defect (Figure 7), while the mucosal surface of the implanted cartilage revealed presence of a depression between the trachea and the implanted cartilage (Figure 8), this depression relatively disappeared after 30 day, but still exists (Figure 9), and completely disappeared after 60 days (Figure 10)
In group one the tracheal defect was completely sealed without interference with the intra-tracheal air flow by overgrowth of granulation tissue

Summary

Introduction

Non-collapsed, tubular organ extended from the larynx to its bifurcations. It consists of 35-45 semicircular or C- shaped hyaline cartilages which are linked to each by the annular ligaments which are fibro elastic in nature that make the trachea adaptable with cervical movement [1,2,3]. Prosthetic tracheal repair is difficult and associated with complications as long as the prosthesis is not incorporated by the host [11]. Reconstruction of cartilage defects by using cartilage graft considered a regular challenge for surgeons. The aim of this research is to study the efficiency of ear cartilage and bovine pericardium scaffold as a biomaterial implants for repairing tracheal defect in dogs

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion