Abstract
In order to use wood for structural and load-bearing purposes in mechanical engineering, basic information on the impact behaviour of the material over a wide temperature range is needed. Diffuse porous hardwoods such as solid birch wood (Betula pendula) and solid beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) are particularly suited for the production of engineered wood products (EWPs) such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL) or plywood due to their processability in a veneer peeling process. In the frame of this study, solid birch wood and solid beech wood samples (300 × 20 × 20 mm3) were characterised by means of an impact pendulum test setup (working capacity of 150 J) at five temperature levels, ranging from −30 °C to +90 °C. The pendulum hammer (mass = 15 kg) was equipped with an acceleration sensor in order to obtain the acceleration pulse and deceleration force besides the impact bending energy. In both solid birch wood and solid beech wood, the deceleration forces were highest at temperatures at and below zero. While the average impact bending energy for solid birch wood remained almost constant over the whole considered temperature range, it was far less stable and prone to higher scattering for solid beech wood.
Highlights
The use of wood in the field of mechanical engineering, such as the automotive or aviation industry, has a long history
Unprotected solid wood components that are exposed to weathering show some drawbacks, such as a lack of dimensional stability and a certain susceptibility to degradation, especially if water is trapped inside the construction
This study shows that the impact bending energy determined through the standard method and the deceleration method correlates well
Summary
The use of wood in the field of mechanical engineering, such as the automotive or aviation industry, has a long history. One possible protective measure is the impregnation of solid wood with synthetic resins, e.g., phenolic resins This often results in an uneven distribution of the impregnation substance, especially when it comes to larger cross-sections. According to Cakiroglu [11], diffuse-porous hardwoods such as birch or beech are especially suited for the production of such peeled veneers due to their relatively uniform density distribution within and across the annual rings. Because of their processability, favourable mechanical properties and availability, birch wood and beech wood are of particular interest for applications in mechanical engineering
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