Abstract
A comparative study about the removability of four potentially harmful ozone-produced oxidants (free bromine, bromamines, free chlorine and chloramines) by activated carbon filtration was performed under identical conditions in small-scale filter experiments. Removability was high and similar among the oxidants with the exception of chloramines which showed the least removability. Results proved activated carbon filtration to be very efficient in removing the dominating brominated oxides formed during the ozonation of natural and most artificial seawaters. In contrast, removability of chloramines, sometimes present in ozonated bromide-free artificial saltwater, was shown to be significantly lower. To improve removal of persistent chloramines by activated carbon filtration, a comparative evaluation of 3 different activated carbon types was conducted. Granulated activated carbon on coal basis was suggested to be the most cost-effective carbon for removing chloramines as it possessed highest removal capacity, while being the cheapest of the carbons tested.
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