A Comparative Study of the Mechanical Properties of Selected Dental Composites with a Dual-Curing System with Light-Curing Composites

Monika Domarecka,Tomasz Gozdek,Magdalena Fronczek,Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk,Kinga Bociong,Jerzy Sokolowski,Michał Krasowski

doi:10.3390/coatings11101255

Monika Domarecka, Tomasz Gozdek + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11101255

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Abstract

Dual-curing composites have a wide spectrum of use in practice (rebuilding, reconstruction, and luting). The characterization of this type of material and comparative study of selected mechanical properties with light-cured materials were carried out for this paper. In this study, we used six materials with a dual-cure system—Bulk EZ, Fill-Up!, StarFill 2B, Rebilda DC, MultiCore Flow, Activa Bioactive-Restorative—and three light-cured materials—Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior, Charisma Classic, and G-aenial Universal Flo. The materials were conditioned for 24 h in water at 37 °C before testing. Selected material properties were determined: three-point bending flexural strength, diametral tensile strength, hardness, microhardness, and shrinkage stress. The highest three-point bending flexural strength (TPB) was 137.0 MPa (G-aenial Universal Flo), while the lowest amounted to 86.5 MPa (Activa Bioactive). The diametral tensile strength (DTS) values were in a range from 39.2 MPa (Rebilda DC) to 54.1 MPa (Charisma Classic). The lowest hardness (HV) value of 26 was obtained by the Activa Bioactive material, while the highest values were recorded for Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior and Charisma Classic-53. The shrinkage stress of the tested materials ranged from 6.3 MPa (Charisma Classic) to 13.2 MPa (G-aenial Universal Flo). Dual-curing composites were found to have similar properties to light-cured composites.

Highlights

There are several dental materials used as the core buildup of broken-down teeth: filling resins, glass–ionomer cements, resin-modified glass–ionomer cements, and amalgam [2]
It was reported that amalgam and resin composite cores have the lowest failure rate while glass–ionomer cements have the highest clinical failure rate [4]
For microhardness test samples (6 mm in diameter and 3 mm in depth) were only cured on one surface to obtain a profile depending on cure depth

Summary

Introduction

They are used as core buildup materials, luting or cementation materials for crowns, bridges, inlays, onlays, and endodontic posts. There are several dental materials used as the core buildup of broken-down teeth: filling resins (microhybrids, nano-hybrids, and ormocers), glass–ionomer cements, resin-modified glass–ionomer cements, and amalgam [2]. These materials have not been developed for this purpose, but they provide adequate properties, such as sufficient compressive and flexural strength, to enable them to resist multidirectional masticatory forces [3]. The development of dentin bonding systems and changes in clinical procedures have influenced the increasing use of resin-based materials for core buildup [5]

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