A comparative study of springs and groundwater chemistry of Beas and Parbati valley, Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh, India

Abstract

A comparative study is conducted to understand the hydrochemistry of Beas and Parbati valley Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh, India. Twenty hot spring, sixteen cold spring and twenty four groundwater samples were collected and analysed for physico-chemical parameters. Hot spring samples were slightly acidic to alkaline in nature whereas cold spring and groundwater samples are alkaline type for Beas and Parbati valleys for December 2017 and June 2018.All the three water sources are moderately hard to hard type. Based on LL-diagram, the dominant facies identified for hot spring samples of Beas valley is Na++K+-Cl− + SO42− type while for cold spring and groundwater sample, it is Ca2++Mg2+–HCO3– type for both the seasons. For Parbati valley, the dominant facies identified for hot spring sample is Na++K+-Cl− + SO42− type in December 2017 and Ca2++Mg2+–HCO3– and Na++ K++ HCO3− type in June 2018. For cold spring and groundwater sample of Parbati valley, it is Ca2++Mg2+–HCO3– type in both the seasons.