A comparative study of reactive, proactive and hybrid routing protocol in wireless sensor network under wormhole attack

Abstract

Nowadays, ZigBee communication protocol is one of the dominating standards for wireless sensor & ad-hoc networks and Internet of Things (IoT) networks. Even though the ZigBee standard was formed with security in mind and lower consumption of power, still zigbee based wireless sensor & ad-hoc networks routing protocol facing the severe security risks due to wormhole attacks in network layer. In order to investigate the security attacks in routing protocols, this paper analyzed the performance of Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol, Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) in IEEE 802.15.4 based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) in the presence of wormhole attacks. The metrics used to analyze the performance of reactive routing protocol (AODV), proactive (OLSR) and hybrid routing protocol (ZRP) in WSNs are throughput, average end-to-end delay, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and total energy consumption of sensor network. The simulation is done by using qualnet simulator 5.0.