A comparative study of osteopontin and MMP-2 protein expression in peripheral and central giant cell granuloma of the jaw

Nooshin Mohtasham,Nasrollah Saghravanian,Bahareh Fatemi,Mehdi Vahedi,Monavar Afzal-Aghaee,Hamideh Kadeh

doi:10.1016/j.bjorl.2017.11.006

Abstract

IntroductionOral peripheral and central giant cell granulomas are lesions with little-known etiology and pathogenesis. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare matrix metalloproteinases-2 and osteopontin protein expression in the multinucleated giant cells and mononuclear cells of the peripheral and central giant cell granuloma lesions. MethodsIn this retrospective study, the presence of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and osteopontin in 37 cases of central giant cell granuloma and 37 cases of peripheral giant cell granuloma paraffin blocks were assessed by streptavidin-biotin immunohistochemistry. Independent sample t-test, Chi-square, Mann–Whitney tests and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used. ResultsThe osteopontin was expressed in both multinucleated giant cells and mononuclear cells in all cases of peripheral and central giant cells granulomas. However, the matrix metalloproteinases-2 expression was positive in 86.5% of giant cells and it was positive in all of mononuclear cells in peripheral giant cells granuloma. In central giant cells granulomas, 91.8% of giant cells and all mononuclear cells were positive for matrix metalloproteinases-2 marker. Percentage and Intensity of staining were significantly higher in central than peripheral giant cells lesions, for both markers (p˂0.05). ConclusionThis study showed that the expression of osteopontin in giant cells supports the theory of osteolcastic nature of these cells. Also, the presence of osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinases-2 in mononuclear cells may indicate the monocyte-macrophage origin of these cells, as the differentiation of the precursors of the mononuclear stromal monocyte/macrophage to osteoclasts is possibly affected by the expression of osteolytic factors. Also, may be differences in biological behaviors of these lesions are associated with the level of osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinases-2 expression.

Highlights

Oral peripheral and central giant cell granulomas are lesions with little-known etiology and pathogenesis
Considering the microscopic similarities of Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) and Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) and differences in their biologic behavior, we evaluated the expression of Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and osteopontin proteins in these two lesions by immunohistochemistry in this study, to possibly confirm the osteoclastic phenotype of Multinucleated Giant Cells (MGCs) and the relationship of this immunohistochemical divergence with different behaviors of PGCG and CGCG
For the MMP-2, most multinucleated giant and mononuclear cells in both lesions were positive for this marker, and this was significantly higher in CGCG compared to PGCG in both multinuclear and mononuclear cells

Summary

Introduction

Oral peripheral and central giant cell granulomas are lesions with little-known etiology and pathogenesis. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare matrix metalloproteinases-2 and osteopontin protein expression in the multinucleated giant cells and mononuclear cells of the peripheral and central giant cell granuloma lesions. A comparative study of osteopontin and MMP-2 protein expression in peripheral and central giant cell granuloma of the jaw. Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a relatively common lesion observed as a red or purple nodular mass on the gingiva or edentulous alveolar ridge.1---3. This lesion originates from the periodontal ligament and grows slowly.4---6. This lesion is observed as unilocular or multilocular radiolucency with specified limits.[1,7] It has different clinical features and may be a slow-growing asymptomatic lesion or a painful lesion with rapid growth and high recurrence.[8,9]

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