A 38-year demographic study of central and peripheral giant cell granulomas of the jaws

Mohammad Zargari,Narges Ghazi,Reza Zare-Mahmoodabadi,Shadi Saghafi

doi:10.3329/bjms.v15i2.21474

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the demographic characteristics of patients with central giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) and peripheral giant cell granulomas (PGCGs) in Iranian population.Methods: The data were obtained from records of 1019 patients with CGCG and PGCG of the jaws referred to our department between 1972 and 2010. This 38-year retrospective study was based on existing data. Information regarding age distribution, gender, location of the lesion and clinical signs and symptoms was documented. Results: A total of 1019 patients were affected GCGLs including 435 CGCGs and 584 PGCGs during the study. The mean age was 28.91 ± 18.16. PGCGs and CGCGs had a peak of occurrence in the first and second decade of life respectively. A female predominance was shown in CGCG cases (57.70%), whereas PGCGs were more frequent in males (50.85%). Five hundred and ninety-eight cases of all giant cell lesions (58.7 %) occurred in the mandible. Posterior mandible was the most frequent site for both CGCG and PGCG cases. The second most common site for PGCG was posterior maxilla (21%), whereas anterior mandible was involved in CGCG (19.45%). The majority of patients were asymptomatic. Conclusions: In contrast to most of previous studies PGCGs occur more common in the first decade and also more frequently in male patients. Although the CGCGs share some histopathologic similarities with PGCGs, differences in demographic features may be observed in different populations which may help in the diagnosis and management of these lesions.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(2) 2016 p.220-223

Highlights

Giant cell granuloma lesions (GCGLs) are benign, non-odontogenic, relatively uncommon tumors of the oral cavity, which arise either peripherally within gingiva, or centrally as an intraosseouslesion 1
A 38-year demographic study of central and peripheral giant cell granulomas of the jaws is observed for these lesions.central giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) are benign aggressivedestructive osteolytic lesionwith rapid growth,pain, root resorptionand tendency to recur after excision, whereas low recurrence rate and rare bone or tooth resorption are seen in PGCGs 7-9
The second most common site for PGCG was posterior maxilla (21%), whereas anterior mandible was involved in CGCG (19.45%)

Summary

Introduction

Giant cell granuloma lesions (GCGLs) are benign, non-odontogenic, relatively uncommon tumors of the oral cavity, which arise either peripherally within gingiva, or centrally as an intraosseouslesion 1. The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a rare reactive exophytic lesion arises in periodontal ligament and mucoperiosteum of the alveolar ridge. The central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign intraosseous proliferative lesion that occurs almost exclusively in the jaws.They comprise fewer than 7% of all benign tumors of the jaws 4,5 This lesion mainly occurs in children or in youngadults, with a female predilection. A 38-year demographic study of central and peripheral giant cell granulomas of the jaws is observed for these lesions.CGCGs are benign aggressivedestructive osteolytic lesionwith rapid growth,pain, root resorptionand tendency to recur after excision, whereas low recurrence rate and rare bone or tooth resorption are seen in PGCGs 7-9. Methods: The data for the retrospective study were obtained from records of 1019 patients with CGCG and PGCG of the jaws referred to our department between 1972 and 2010. PGCGs and CGCGs had a peak of occurrence in the first and second decade of liferespectively.Table 1 shows distribution of PGCGs and CGCGs in different decades of agewith statistically significant difference (P

Age in PGCG

Lesion Mandible

Findings

Discussion