Abstract
Human error is one of the crucial problems in land transport, sea transport, and air transport that inflicting some undesirable occurrence such as delay, cancellation, or accident. This incident causes inconvenience and apprehension for passengers. Hence, drivers should avoid some errors in driving by improving alertness and reducing the excessive workload. This study presents a comparative study about mental workload between train and bus drivers based on subjective and objective criteria. NASA-TLX method is used to measure subjective variables by distributing questionnaires. While the content of a drivers’ Salivary α-amylase (SAA) is measured as an objective parameter before and after driving. 30 drivers are participated in this study who have experience for more than 3 years. Statistical analysis is conducted to test the hypothesis for a difference. The result of this study shows that bus drivers’ SAA level is significantly higher (Asymp. Sig. 0.49) than train drivers for both before (91.99 kU/l) and after (83.19 kU/l) driving activity. Similarly, weighted workload subjectively of bus drivers’ mental workload (1051) is higher than train drivers (1031) insignificantly (Asymp. Sig. 0.561).
Highlights
Human error is one of the causes of an accident in modes of transportation [1,2,3,4,5]
In prior to driving bus activity, the Salivary α-amylase (SAA) result is 63.78-139.29 kU/l which is classified in high stress
The high level gained for after driving which is 83.19 kU/l (SD ± 15.96). It identified that 93.3% of respondents are in high stress that influenced by driving effects such as high focus, boredom, traffic jam and fatigue [18]
Summary
Human error is one of the causes of an accident in modes of transportation [1,2,3,4,5]. Risyapudin in [5], a traffic director of Polda Metro Jaya, stated that the main factor in an accident on land transportation such as bus, car, motorcycle, and a train is human error. This condition is an undesirable incident for all passengers because it can cause delay, cancellation, rescheduling, unclear information even accident in public transportation such as bus and train [6]. Indonesian Ministry of Transportation stated that there are 42 accidents of train in 2010 (i.e. 3 crashing accidents, 25 fallen trains, 4 rolled trains, 6 floods and erosion cause, and 4 other reasons).
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