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Abstract
Emerging literature highlights the essential role played by decarbonised electricity generation in future energy systems consistent with the Paris climate agreement. This analysis is the first to examine the impacts of high levels of renewable energy and negative emissions technologies on exploratory visions of the future EU power system in 2050 in terms of emissions reduction, technical operation and total system costs. In the absence of negative emission technologies significant emission reductions are observed, however, converting 2% of Europe’s installed generation capacity to bioenergy with carbon capture technology enables net-negative power sector emissions while remaining cost-comparable to a counterfactual scenario. Direct air capture increases this further but with associated higher costs. We show for the scenarios examined that net negative emissions technology contribute to power system operations and may be realized without breaching regional sustainable biomass potentials and national CO2 geological storage limits.
Published Version
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