Abstract
Extracts of Curcuma aromatica Salisb rhizomes are traditionally used in the Indian sub-continent in herbal and cosmetic applications. Composition of extracts and their resulting bioactivities is dependent on the extraction technique. The present study compares yield, composition, and bioactivities of extract from C. aromatica by Soxhlet and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC–CO2) extraction. Extraction using ethyl acetate for 240 min gave maximum yield (8.34 ± 0.2% w/w) among the solvents while SC-CO2 extraction at 40 MPa/45 °C/60 min with 20% (v/w) isopropanol as entrainer gave a maximum yield of 8.94 ± 0.1% (w/w). Isoborneol, curdione and vellaral were found only in SC-CO2 extract, while procurcumadiol, germacrone 4,5-epoxide, 3,7-epoxycaryophyllan-6-one and curcumadione were some prominent compounds seen in both extracts as determined by LC-Q-TOF-MS and GC-MS analysis. Ethyl acetate extract showed better antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, ABTS) and anti-inflammatory activities while SC-CO2 extract (with 20% v/w iso-propanol) showed better antibacterial action against S. aureus (Gram-positive) and P. aeruginosa (Gram-negative).
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