Abstract
During brain development, highly complex and interconnected neural circuits are established. This intricate wiring needs to be robust to faithfully perform adult brain function throughout life, but at the same time offer room for plasticity to integrate new information. In the mammalian brain, adult-born neurons are produced in restricted niches harboring neural stem cells. In the fruit fly Drosophila, low-level adult neurogenesis arising from a dispersed population of neural progenitors has recently been detected in the optic lobes. Strikingly, these normally quiescent neural stem cells proliferate upon brain injury and produce new neurons for brain regeneration. Here, we review adult neurogenesis in crustaceans and insects and highlight that neurogenesis in the visual system is prominent in arthropods, but its role and underlying mechanisms are unclear. Moreover, we discuss how the study of damage-responsive progenitor cells in Drosophila may help to understand robust regenerative neurogenesis and open new avenues to enhance brain repair after injury or stroke in humans.
Highlights
Reviewed by: Jan Kaslin, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Australia Jorge Valero, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience (Ikerbasque), Spain research.fchampalimaud.org
In the fruit fly Drosophila, low-level adult neurogenesis arising from a dispersed population of neural progenitors has recently been detected in the optic lobes
These normally quiescent neural stem cells proliferate upon brain injury and produce new neurons for brain regeneration
Summary
Arthropods represent the most species-rich phylum, comprising myriapods (e.g., centipedes), the extinct trilobites, the chelicerates (e.g., spiders), crustaceans, and insects, whereas the latter two subphyla are more closely related. Adult neurogenesis is well-documented in numerous species of crustaceans In decapod crustaceans, such as lobster and crayfish, the formation and integration of adult-born neurons has been especially well-studied (Harzsch and Dawirs, 1996; Schmidt, 1997, 2001, 2007; Harzsch et al, 1999a; Sullivan and Beltz, 2005). These aquatic invertebrates are longlived and show indeterminate growth during adulthood. Additional afferents from chemo- and mechanosensory neurons are integrated via enhanced arborizations and connectivity of preexisting neurons (Schmidt, 2007)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
