Abstract
To highlight the detection of xylazine and nitrazolam in conjunction with benzimidazole opioids (nitazenes) and other novel benzodiazepines in a cluster of patients after putative heroin use. Deidentified clinical and analytical data were gathered from patients enrolled in the Emerging Drugs Network of Australia system. In December 2023, three adults presented to the ED with sedation following putative use of heroin. Toxicological analysis of blood samples identified xylazine, protonitazene, metonitazene, bromazolam and nitrazolam. Local health authorities subsequently issued an alert. This is the first signal of xylazine and nitrazolam use in Australia. These results demonstrate toxico-surveillance programmes with analytical confirmation of drugs are invaluable in monitoring illicit drug use.
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