Abstract
A reconfigurable, planar, and end-fire circularly polarized (CP) antenna with wide beamwidth is presented, which exhibits the bidirectional radiation with the same sense by combining two pairs of identical CP elements placed in a back-to-back configuration. The design of the element includes a meandering phase delay line, which connects a printed electric dipole and a quarter-wavelength shorted microstrip patch. Then, eight p-i-n diodes are employed in the two dipoles arms to realize either left-handed CP (LHCP) or right-handed CP (RHCP) by manipulating the DC bias voltage across p-i-n. The prototype is designed to operate at a center frequency of 5.8 GHz with a size of 0.61 × 0.50 × 0.029 (λ03), where λ0 is the wavelength of the center frequency. Also, its end-fire beam is in parallel with its plane. Experimental results show that the overlapped bandwidth for 10-dB return loss and the 3-dB axial ratio (AR) of the bidirectional end-fire antenna is from 5.72 to 5.89 GHz for the two CP states. The half-power beamwidth (HPBW) in the horizontal and vertical plane are 95°/115° at the 5.8 GHz.
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