A case report of Acquired Prothrombin Complex Deficiency in Infant

Abstract

Introduction: Acquired Prothrombin Complex Deficiency (APCD) is a disorder characterized by spontaneous bleeding caused by decreased activity of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (factors II, VII, IX, and X), despite normal fibrinogen and platelet counts. It can occur in newborns as young as 6 months old. This disease is linked to drug use during pregnancy, a lack of vitamin K-containing foods, and other secondary diseases. The manifestations of this disease vary, ranging from skin organs to gastrointestinal organs to the brain, with high morbidity and mortality rates. The aim of this case report is to describe an infant with diagnose of APCD and their management. Case Presentation: A 55-day-old patient had been in a coma and had been unconscious for three days before being admitted to the hospital. The patient vomited, developed a fever, and had a seizure. The laboratory examination showed that haemoglobin levels was 5.6g/dl, prothrombin time (PT) was 21 seconds, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was extended by 54 seconds, and platelet showed abnormal 524 x 10^3µL in the result. The PT and APTT results indicated APCD, but there is an abnormality in platelets, which should be normal in APCD patient. Conclusion: This is a case reported of Acquired Prothrombin Complex Deficiency (APCD) based on laboratory and CT-Scan examination.