Abstract
The traditional hydrothermal method to prepare zeolite will inevitably use a large amount of water as a solvent, which will lead to higher autogenous pressure, low efficiency, and wastewater pollution. The solvent-free method can be used to synthesize various types of zeolites by mechanical mixing, grinding, and heating of solid raw materials, which exhibits the apparent advantages of high yield, low pollution, and high efficiency. This review mainly introduces the development process of solvent-free synthesis, preparation of hierarchical zeolite, morphology control, synthesis mechanism and applications of solvent-free methods. It can be believed that solvent-free methods will become a research focus and have enormous industrial application potential.
Highlights
Through the success of vapor-phase transport (VPT), it can be proposed that a solvent that an abundance of water was essential for the preparation of the gel
(1) High yields—a large amount of solvent used in traditional hydrothermal synthesis will dissolve partial nutrients such as silicate or aluminate, reducing the yield of the product
(2) High single-autoclave yield—the solvent occupies most of the space in the autoclaves during the hydrothermal synthesis process, otherwise, the autoclave can hold more solid raw materials through the solvent-free method; as such, the single-autoclave yield is greatly increased
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. In. 1990, Xu et al [17] developed a new vapor-phase transport (VPT) method for the synthesis of zeolites, successfully avoiding the use of large amounts of water solvents during the crystallization process. In 2012, Xiao et al [19] reported a solvent-free method of preparing zeolites without solvents by mechanical grinding and heating raw materials without adding additional water. Crystallization process, they fluoridefluoride instead instead of directly using water vapor and gradually reduced cess,used theyammonium used ammonium of directly using water vapor and gradually the water content in the system ending in an absolutely dry mixture. The VPT method can expand the compositions the gas phase transport technology could be applied to the synthesis of various zeolites, of formation.
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