Abstract
Current in vitro model systems cannot recapitulate the complex interactions between multiple organs in the body, and the whole-body responses to drugs involving multiple organs. In addition, many diseases arise from a mechanism involving multiple organs, making it difficult to build realistic models of such diseases. Organ-on-a-chip technology offers an opportunity to mimic physiological microenvironment of in vivo tissues, as well as to reproduce interactions between organs by connecting these "organ modules." By realizing multi-organ interactions on a chip, it becomes possible to develop an in vitro model of diseases that involves complex interactions between organs. Here, we introduce the concept of "body-on-a-chip," with a specific emphasis on recapitulating the interaction between the gut and the liver, which play important roles in many diseases, as well as responses to drugs.
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