Abstract
It is important for urban traffic micro-circulation to improve the density of urban branch road networks by opening roads inside blocks. To reasonably optimize the micro-circulation road network in the open block area, a bi-level multi-objective programming model that considers traffic pollution and intersection delays was developed. In this paper, the goals of minimizing traffic pollution and total travel cost are added to the upper-level programming model and the user equilibrium assignment model with the consideration of intersection delay was presented as the lower-level programming model. A modified genetic algorithm (GA) embedded with the Frank-Wolfe algorithm was designed to solve the established model. The traffic conditions of arterial roads and micro-circulation branch roads before and after optimizing the micro-circulation block road network were compared and analyzed by a numerical example. The results demonstrated that the bi-level programming model can effectively determine the traffic direction of branch roads and the forbidden situation of intersections in the micro-circulation network. Compared with the closed block, the average saturation of the main trunk road decreased from 0.97 to 0.83 with a decline ratio of 14.43% after optimizing the micro-circulation network in the open block area; the average saturation of the secondary trunk road decreased from 0.86 to 0.77, with a decline ratio of 10.47%. The travel time cost decreased by approximately 6.55%, and the traffic pollution decreased by approximately 3.40%, which verified the optimization effect of the model and the algorithm.
Highlights
With the rapid development of China’s urbanization and the substantial increase in the number of private cars, traffic congestion has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the future development of cities
It is important to alleviate traffic congestion and enhance mobility within a city by opening internal roads associated with closed blocks and integrating them into the urban branch road network system to divert part of the traffic flow of trunk roads and increase urban traffic micro-circulation
According to a literature review, we find that some studies have incorporated environmental impact as design objectives in road network design problems
Summary
With the rapid development of China’s urbanization and the substantial increase in the number of private cars, traffic congestion has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the future development of cities. The prevailing approach of ‘‘wide road, low density’’ proposed in the past has been unable to meet the traffic demand, and the road network pattern of ‘‘focusing on trunk roads, ignoring branch roads’’ has gradually suffered from disadvantages. When the trunk road is congested, the internal roads in the closed blocks are. It is important to alleviate traffic congestion and enhance mobility within a city by opening internal roads associated with closed blocks and integrating them into the urban branch road network system to divert part of the traffic flow of trunk roads and increase urban traffic micro-circulation. A. LITERATURE REVIEW Urban roads are the veins of the city, and blocks are the places where human activity occurs.
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