Abstract
A single-chip bidirectional brain-computer interface (BBCI) enables neuromodulation through simultaneous neural recording and stimulation. This paper presents a prototype BBCI ASIC including a 64-channel time-multiplexed recording front-end, 4-channel high-voltage compliant resonant-stimulator and electronics to support concurrent multi-channel differential- and common-mode stimulus artifact cancellation. A cascaded charge pump-based stimulation driver provides +/-11V compliance using 1.2V devices. High-frequency (~3GHz), self-resonant clocking is used to reduce capacitor area while suppressing associated switching losses. A 32-tap LMS-based digital adaptive filter achieves 60-dB artifact suppression, enabling simultaneous neural stimulation and recording. The entire chip is powered by 2.5/1.2V supplies, dissipating 205µW in recording, 142µW in the cancellation back-end, and 31% DC-DC efficiency in the stimulation drivers, each with a maximum output power of 24mW. This 4mm2 neural interface chip was implemented in 65nm 1P9M LP CMOS.
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