Abstract
As the generation of food scrap, kitchen, and biodegradable wastes increases, the proper handling of these wastes is becoming an increasingly significant concern for most cities in Japan. A substantial fraction of food and biodegradable waste (FBW) ends up in the incinerator. Therefore, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) benefit–cost analysis technique was employed in this study to compare different FBW treatment technologies and select the most appropriate FBW disposal technology for Oita City. The four FBW treatment options considered were those recommended by the Japanese Food Waste Recycling Law: anaerobic digestion, compost, landfill, and incineration, which is currently in use. The fundamental AHP was separated into two hierarchy structures for benefit analysis and cost analysis. The criteria used in these two analyses were value added, safety, efficiency, and social benefits for benefit analysis, and cost of energy, cost of operation and maintenance, environmental constraints, and disamenity for cost analysis. The results showed that anaerobic digestion had the highest overall benefit while composting had the least cost overall. The benefit–cost ratio result showed that anaerobic digestion is the most suitable treatment alternative, followed by composting and incineration, with landfill being the least favored. The study recommends that composting could be combined with anaerobic digestion as an optimal FBW management option in Oita City.
Highlights
In the discourse of developing, analyzing, implementing, and optimizing frameworks for existing waste management systems in any city, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development comes to mind
The pairwise comparison judgments are made with each essential factor in connection with the other component at an equal status
Benefit–cost analysis based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model was the multi-criterion decision analysis (MCDA) approach used to examine and assess the food and biodegradable waste (FBW) treatment alternatives
Summary
In the discourse of developing, analyzing, implementing, and optimizing frameworks for existing waste management systems in any city, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development comes to mind. The creation and effective management of these organic wastes are too much for the municipal and local authorities to be able to properly manage These authorities are wrestling with substantial amounts of food and biodegradable waste (FBW), waste administration costs, and methods of treatment, as well as the potential impact of generated waste on the local environment [2]. Issues such as funding and searching for the most suitable dumping equipment, wrongful disposal, conflicts concerning various areas across long hauls of waste, and concerns regarding unwanted disposal outcomes remain challenging [3,4]
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