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Abstract
In this paper, a 30 GHz wide locking-range (26.2 GHz-35.7 GHz) direct injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD), which operating in the millimeter-wave (MMW) band, is presented. The locking range of the ILFD is extended by using differential injection topology. Besides, varactors are used in RLC resonant tank for extending the frequency tuning range. The post simulation results show that a wide locking-range of 9.5 GHz (30.7%) is achieved. When the VCO output frequency varies from 26.85 GHz to 34.42 GHz, the proposed ILFD can achieve divide-by-two correctly. Designed in 0.13 μm CMOS technology, the ILFD occupies a core area of 0.76 mm2 while drawing 7 mA of current from 2.5 V power supply.
Highlights
With rapid advances in CMOS technology, the CMOS circuit operating in millimeter-wave (MMW) band has attracted increasing interest and research [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], such as point-to-point communications, image sensing, and automotive radar systems.Frequency dividers are key components for frequency synthesizer in a MMW PLL
The post simulation results of the proposed injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) are summarized in Table 1, the comparison with the reported state-of-the-art ILFD realized in 0.13 μm CMOS process is given
To meet the requirement of the 60 GHz transceiver, a wide locking range ILFD is presented in this paper
Summary
With rapid advances in CMOS technology, the CMOS circuit operating in millimeter-wave (MMW) band has attracted increasing interest and research [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], such as point-to-point communications, image sensing, and automotive radar systems. Currentmode-logic (CML) static divider [1], Miller divider [2], and injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) [3,4,5,6,7] are widely used in various applications. Among these dividers, the CML static diver covers a wide locking range, but its input frequency is low and its power consumption is usually high, compared with ILFDs. For a Miller divider and an ILFD, they have a higher input frequency. For a Miller divider and an ILFD, they have a higher input frequency Several design considerations for the ILFD are analyzed for increasing the wide locking-range.
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