Abstract
This study introduces a new design of planar antenna array for ISM band applications at 2.4 GHz. This prototype is switched beam antenna, namely planar antenna with four meandered slotted triangular elements (PAFMSTE), which is proposed for wireless indoor applications. The Base Station (BS) equipped with this planar antenna is preferred to be at the center position on the room ceiling to cover all sectors of the room. It is designed to use four directional triangular elements arranged to form a square planar antenna array. The PAFMSTE is used to obtain optimal directivity in four directions in azimuth plane with 3 dB beamwidth of 90° at a specific orientation of 30° in elevation plane. Switched parasitic technique is used to enable PAFMSTE to steer a directional beam through four locations by using four PIN diodes switches. The High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is used as an efficient simulation tool to optimize the performance of the PAFMSTE antenna. The fabrication and measurements of the PAFMSTE antenna are introduced. The proposed antenna enable radio positioning via Angle of Arrival (AOA) information collected from nearby devices. Then, the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB) is presented for AOA estimation using identically and equally spaced antenna elements. The CRB depends on the directivity, where the maximum values of CRB are 1.35 × 10-3 and 8 × 10-3 at HPBW of 60° and 90°, respectively.
Highlights
This paper presents a new switched beam antenna designed to address the challenges of indoor positioning and suitable for Angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation
The PAFMSTE consists of four equal size meandered slotted triangular patch elements situated on top of a square printed circuit board (PCB) and with a ground plane located on the bottom side of the PCB forming the well known parallel topology
This paper introduced a new smart antenna, namely PAFMSTE based on the concept of switched beam capable of operating for indoor mobile wireless systems in the 2.4 GHz band
Summary
Smart antenna technology is becoming one of the most effective utilities for improving. This paper presents a new switched beam antenna designed to address the challenges of indoor positioning and suitable for Angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation. By switching between different faces, the BS can establish preferred communication with groups of devices located in the area illuminated by each antenna, which reduces the probability of interferences in dense networks [3]. In this scenario, a new electronically beam steerable microstrip patch antenna is presented, which can be mounted in ceilings for indoor wireless network applications. Design and performing the simulation analysis of the proposed PAFMSTE with the FR-4 epoxy PCB substrate of dimensions 69 × 69 × 1.6 mm is presented. The Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB) is presented for AOA estimation using identically and spaced antenna elements, where the design parameters are the number of antenna elements and their directivity [6]
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