Abstract
Introduction: Transfusion Transmitted Infections (TTIs) threaten safety of the recipients and the community as a whole and are the subject of real concern worldwide. Aims and Objectives: To know the prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amongst the blood donors, to evaluate the changing trends of TTIs and to compare these observations within the study as well as with the other relevant studies. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at Blood Bank, Department of Pathology, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, India, from January 2004 to December 2013 (ten years). Materials and Methods: In this study 122,006 voluntary and replacement donations were screened for TTIs; HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis, Malaria and their seroprevalence was calculated. Further study was divided in Group “A” (from 2004 to 2008) and Group “B” (from 2009 to 2013) to compare the results. Results: Out of total 122,006 blood units collected, 79,750 (65.3%) were voluntary and 42,256 (34.7%) were replacement donors. The seropositivity of TTIs in the entire study, in group “A” and in Group “B” was 3.26% (3985/122,006) (p = 0.000005), 2.25% (1238/54,874) (p = 0.000005) and 4.09% (2747/67,123) (p = 0.000005) respectively. In Group “A” and “B” seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria was 0.29%, 1.16%, 0.61%, 0.06%, 0.11% and 0.13%, 3.15%, 0.24%, 0.17%, 0.03% respectively. Conclusion: Our study concluded that there was significant increase in seroprevalence of HBV and syphilis whereas decreasing pattern in HIV, HCV and Malaria was observed in last five years as compared to previous five years among the blood donors.
Highlights
Transfusion Transmitted Infections (TTIs) threaten safety of the recipients and the community as a whole and are the subject of real concern worldwide
With each and every unit of blood there is a risk of transfusion associated problems including transmission of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) [2] which includes Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Syphilis, Malaria and many more infections
In entire study only two donors in Group “A” had VDRL positive along with HBV and the result of VDRL had been omitted for the convenience of statistic calculations
Summary
Transfusion Transmitted Infections (TTIs) threaten safety of the recipients and the community as a whole and are the subject of real concern worldwide. In Group “A” and “B” seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria was 0.29%, 1.16%, 0.61%, 0.06%, 0.11% and 0.13%, 3.15%, 0.24%, 0.17%, 0.03% respectively. Conclusion: Our study concluded that there was significant increase in seroprevalence of HBV and syphilis whereas decreasing pattern in HIV, HCV and Malaria was observed in last five years as compared to previous five years among the blood donors. With each and every unit of blood there is a risk of transfusion associated problems including transmission of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) [2] which includes Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Syphilis, Malaria and many more infections. The risk of transfusion associated transmission of these viruses may be alarming due to high seroprevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV (0.5%, 0.4% and 1.4% respectively) among blood donors [7]. As per guidelines of National AIDS Control organization (NACO) of India, it is mandatory to test each and every blood unit for HIV, anti HCV, HbsAg, Syphilis and Malaria [10]
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