Abstract
The application of supercritical fluids (SCFs) as reaction media for enzymatic synthesis has several advantages, such as the higher initial reaction rates, higher conversion, possible separation of products from unreacted substrates, and over solvent-free or solvent systems. An additional benefit of using SCFS as reaction media is that they give simple and ecologically safe (no heat and solvent pollution) recovery of products. However, for some specific reactions, solvent-free systems are preferred because of their higher yields. The main area of development should be related to the hydrolysis of glycerides, transesterification, esterification, and inter-esterification reactions. As lipases have high and stable activity in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO 2 )—even at the high temperature—an intensive development is expected. The advantages of using SC CO 2 as a medium for enzyme-catalyzed reactions have been well documented. Frequently, the temperature ranges used for employing supercritical carbon dioxide in processing are compatible with the use of enzymes as catalysts. An additional benefit of using supercritical fluids along with enzymatic catalysis is that it provides a medium for the recovery of products or reactants.
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