Abstract
In the monograph of F. I. Samedova “The application of supercritical fluids in petroleum refining and oil fractions” (Baku, 2014) the results of the use of supercritical fluids in petroleum refining and petroleum products are presented. The investigations were made under the guidance of the corresponding member of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, professor F. I. Samedova and representatives of the scientific school she has established: Doctor of Technical Sciences R. Z. Gasanova, Ph.D. A. M. Kasumova, Ph.D. S. Y. Rashidova and N. F. Kafarova, as well as with representatives of the spectral laboratory Ph.D. A. D. Kuliyev and Ph.D. B. M. Aliyev. Scientific editors of the monograph are academics M. I. Rustamov and V. M. Abbasov. The recent advances in term of the possible applications of supercritical extraction processes in the field of oil refining and oil fractions are shown. The analysis of the economic efficiency of supercritical extraction processes using SC CO2 is carried out. The scheme of the pilot plant at the Experimental Plant of the Institute of Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (IPCP of ANAS) is described. The monograph [1] is intended for researchers, graduate students, engineers and graduate students engaged in the development and introduction of new energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies for oil refining and oil fractions. In order to find the ways to create energy-efficient, environmentally-friendly technologies in 1970 the use of supercritical fluids as solvents in cleaning processes, extraction, separation and fractionation are proposed. This approach can lead to the creation of environmentally friendly processes in the food, perfumery, pharmaceutical, oil, coal processing industry and in the field of polymer processing. Considering the need of creation of environmentally friendly and energy-saving technologies in the oil refining industries, in 2000 IPCP of ANAS began the research on the intensification of processes used in the oil industry-oil refining and heavy fractions of water, salts and solids, high molecular heteroatomic compounds: resinous-asphaltene substances including the metals using a supercritical fluid. The monograph highlights the results of studies on the use of supercritical fluid SC CO2 emissions from petroleum refining and oil fractions with a view to their intensification and ecological rehabilitation of the environment.
Highlights
In the IPCP of ANAS developed supercritical extraction of heavy oil residues using SC CO2 [13] [15] and compared with the Doben process, which is widely used for the preparation of heavy oil residues for further processing
The characteristics of heavy oil residues before and after deasphalting using CO2 in its supercritical and microelement composition are shown in Table 2 and Table 3
The studies of microelement composition of the residue of deasphalted oil showed that they significantly enriched with metals, i.e. raw material is cleaned of metals and asphaltenes which are not detected in the feed (Table 4) [13]-[16]
Summary
In the IPCP of ANAS developed supercritical extraction of heavy oil residues using SC CO2 [13] [15] and compared with the Doben process, which is widely used for the preparation of heavy oil residues for further processing. For raw materials *)In both cases we use the same hydrocarbon solvent. The characteristics of heavy oil residues before and after deasphalting using CO2 in its supercritical and microelement composition are shown in Table 2 and Table 3. The studies of microelement composition of the residue of deasphalted oil (tar) showed that they significantly (up to 30% - 50% wt.) enriched with metals, i.e. raw material is cleaned of metals and asphaltenes which are not detected in the feed (Table 4) [13]-[16]. To optimize the parameters of the process the effect of dilution of raw material with hydrocarbon solvent, pressure and temperature on the results of cleaning of the mixture of low paraffinic oils and its heavy residue are studied [16]-[18]
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