Abstract
Starch is a natural energy storage compound for living organisms. Recent breakthrough of in vitro hydrogen production via water splitting energized by starch catalyzed with in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystems makes it possible to use starch as a high-density hydrogen storage carrier. The gravimetric hydrogen density could be as high as 14.8% when water is recycled from proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) according to stoichiometric reaction C6H10O5+7 H2O=12 H2+6CO2. The integration of on-demand biohydrogen generation from starch and water and a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack would be a disruptive electricity-generating system for portable electronics, emergence electricity supply, and future electric vehicles.
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