Abstract

Fibrosis contributes to cardiovascular disease through a wide range of pathogenic mechanisms, including adverse changes to vascular compliance and myocardial scar that increases the risk of fatal arrhythmia. Despite the relevance of vascular fibrosis to pulmonary arterial hypertension, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, and many other common cardiovascular diseases, treatments targeting the process directly are lacking. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive review of key topics relating to fibrosis in cardiovascular disease, including collagen biochemistry; the role of fibrosis in the pathogenesis of disease affecting the systemic, coronary, and pulmonary vasculature, as well as cardiomyocytes; diagnostic tools to detect fibrosis in patients clinically; and avenues of ongoing research aiming to develop treatments that affect or prevent cardiovascular fibrosis.

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