Abstract
Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) refers to the preinvasive end of the continuum of cellular proliferations within the lining of prostatic ducts, ductules, and acini. High-grade PIN is the earliest identifiable stage in carcinogenesis, possessing most of the phenotypic, biochemical, and genetic changes of cancer without invasion into the fibromuscular stroma. The World Health Organization (WHO) contends that PIN is the only preinvasive lesion for prostate cancer. Other potential but unproven candidates for premalignancy in the prostate include atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, malignancy-associated changes arising in normal-appearing epithelium, and atrophy.
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