Abstract
This chapter discusses an important use of the normal curve model and draws inferences based on a statistic whose sampling distribution is normal. While the sampling distributions of several statistics are of normal form, only the distribution of sample means are being used to illustrate the use of the normal curve model. The chapter draws inferences about the mean of a population (μ); for other statistics the inferential strategy remains the same, but the details of the procedures are different. When one wants to draw an inference about the mean of a single population, the first task is to set up two hypotheses. The null hypothesis (HO) is a statement about the expected value of the population mean, and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is a statement that includes all other values of the population mean. If σ is known, one can then estimate the variability of the sampling distribution of means by computing σx.
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