Abstract
The materials accomplished with both biodegradable and renewable properties are called “green” materials. The biodegradable property can solve the problem related to environment such as pollution, whereas renewable property can be exploited for sustainability. Many synthetic polymers are being widely used in many industrial sectors for various purposes. However, many of them are nonbiodegradable in nature, which are impacting our environment. Therefore they are being replaced with biodegradable polymers. Among many natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) attracted huge attention because of its important desired qualities such as biodegradable, biocompatible, water solubility, nontoxic, and noncarcinogenic. In addition, it can exist in both crystalline and amorphous form. Due to earlier qualities, it can be used in the fabrication of different forms of green materials such as hydrogel, films, scaffold, membranes, fibers, particulate systems, and composites. In this chapter, various fabrication techniques of earlier forms of PVA and their characterization are described.
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