Abstract
This chapter discusses the different aspects of environmental assessment. The United Nations environmental conferences, United Nations Framework Convention on Climatic Change (UNFCCC), and renewable energy organizations have highlighted the adverse local and global impacts of energy supply and end-use on the environment. The needs of sustainable development and the use of clean energy technologies are well recognized. Actions at national and international levels to tackle the problems of air quality and climate change are developed. In 2003, the German parliament took the initiative of promoting an International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) as an international governmental organization. Its purpose is to support and advance the active utilization of renewable energies on a global scale. Through figures and tables the chapter shows saving in CO2 emissions compared with conventional power generation, CO2 emissions of different energy sources, and some other characteristics of biogas. The figures provide important information on the rate of fossil fuel consumption, CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, air temperature, and the cost of storm damages in the period from 1970 to 2000. This reflects very clearly the close correlation between fossil fuel utilization and other parameters.
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