9 - Electrical consumption forecasting in hospital facilities

Abstract

The topic of energy efficiency applied to buildings represents one of the key aspects in today's international energy policies. Emissions reduction and the achievement of the targets set by the Kyoto Protocol are becoming a fundamental concern in the work of engineers and technicians operating in the energy management field. Optimal energy management practices need to deal with uncertainties in generation and demand. Hence the development of reliable forecasting methods is an important priority and area of research in electric energy systems. This chapter presents a load forecasting model and the way it was applied to a real case study in forecasting the electrical consumption of the Cellini medical clinic of Turin, Italy. The model can be easily integrated into a Building Management System or into a real-time monitoring system. The load forecasting is performed through the implementation of an artificial neural network (ANN). The proposed multilayer perceptron ANN, based on a backpropagation training algorithm, is able to take as inputs: loads, type of day (e.g., weekday/holiday), time of the day, and weather data. This work focuses on providing a detailed analysis and an innovative formal procedure for the selection of all ANN parameters.