9 - BIPVT applications in farms

Abstract

This chapter introduces the use of building-integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPVT) in farming and greenhouses, in which BIPVT enables the controlled environment agriculture for optimized light, water, and temperature of plant growth. A solar-powered greenhouse is introduced in which the roof consists of semitransparent columns of BIPVT to allow partial sunlight inside. This greenhouse is further improved by coupling with a geothermal heat well to achieve a net-zero energy greenhouse. Moreover, innovations in this project are explained which include a geothermal well with the use of heat pipes, incorporation of phase change materials in the well, a bidirectional passive heat exchange system that can automatically condition greenhouse temperature, and sensing and control systems to monitor energy usage and distribution for optimal operation. Later, integration of this system with a microwater cycle, to achieve a water-food-energy nexus for future sustainable development is discussed. Finally, a BIPV based thermal and lighting management project at University of British Columbia and a greenhouse project with BIPV in Como Park at St. Paul, Minnesota, are demonstrated for the case studies.