Abstract

Except for bone marrow (BM) transplant, current therapies fail to cure CML because Ph’c1one cannot be eradicated. In vitro, exposing blastcrisis CML blasts to CM-CSF results in a three fold increment of cells in S phase and cell killing is 34% higher when GM-CSF+cytabarine are added simultaneously. This in vitro experience deals with the likelihood of priming CML BM cultures with GM-CSF followed by exposure to Cytarabine to evaluate Ph’c1one depletion. The BMs of 12 CML pts (3 newly diagnosed, 6 chronic phase, 3 hematological/cytogenetic complete remission) were cultured during the 24 hrs as follows: 1. controls; 2: GM-CSF (Leukomax, Schering Plough) 0.2 μg/ml; 3. Cytarabine (Ara-C, Rontag) 0.1 μg/ml 6 hrs before harvesting; 4. GM-CSF + cytarabine (as in 2 and 3). Colchicine 0.1 μg/ml was added 1 hr before harvesting. Mitotic index (MI) was expressed as X ± SE for all cultures (Table 1). Table 1: Mitotic index mean values according to cultures: Culture MI (X ± SE) 1. Controls 4.50 ± 120* *P 2. GM-CSF 6.75 ± 1.80*≈ 3. Cytarabine 3.00 ± 0.78 4. GM-CSF + Cytabarine 3.50 ± 0.77 *p According to these data, MI in CML BMs exposed to GM-CSF Is higher than MI of controls (*P

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