Abstract
One of the most influential developments in modern vitreous surgery was the advent of common gauge instrumentation. The method represented a significant departure from the original concept of a single intraocular instrument subserving all the basic functions of suction-cutting, infusion, and illumination (full-function probes). These various functions are divided between instruments of uniform shaft diameter introduced through three self-sealing, custom-made sclerotomies of less than 1 mm in diameter. With common gauge systems, two instrument techniques of vitreous surgery have become standard practice employing separate fibreoptic endoillumination to provide focal or diffuse illumination. The disturbing reflexes accompanying extraocular illumination are avoided and the variable positioning of illumination with respect to other instruments offers superlative visualisation. With the adoption of a standard gauge, a variety of instruments including scissors, microforceps, and dissectors may be interchanged in rapid fashion and transposed with the endoilluminator such that intraocular manipulations can be performed with greater precision.
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